Where is nitrous metabolized

It is — times more effective at trapping heat than is carbon dioxide, and contributes to global warming. Nitrous oxide has played a vital role during the development of anaesthesia as a speciality. However, there are many who would argue that there is no place for nitrous oxide in modern anaesthetic practice. However, presently, there is no gaseous alternative to nitrous oxide. Any alternative needs to be well validated and have a safety record comparable with, or exceeding that of, nitrous oxide.

A major advantage of the use of inhaled nitrous oxide compared with an i. See multiple choice questions — Smith WDA. Under the influence: a history of nitrous oxide , 1st Edn. London: Macmillan Publishers Ltd, Korman B, Mapelson WW. Concentration and second gas effects: can the accepted explanation be improved? Br J Anaesth ; 78 : — Maze MJ, Fujinaga M. Recent advances in understanding the actions and toxicity of nitrous oxide.

Anaesthesia ; 55 : — Clinical Anesthesiology , 2nd Edn. Anaesthesia ; 59 : — O'Sullivan I, Benger J. Nitrous oxide in emergency medicine. Emerg Med J ; 20 : — Omission of nitrous oxide during anaesthesia reduces the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting: a meta-analysis. Anaesthesiology ; 85 : —2.

Nitrous oxide: time to stop laughing. Anaesthesia ; 53 : — Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University's objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide.

Sign In or Create an Account. Sign In. Advanced Search. Search Menu. Article Navigation. Close mobile search navigation Article Navigation. Volume 5. This article was originally published in. Article Contents Abstract. Production and storage. Clinical applications. Adverse effects of nitrous oxide. The future of nitrous oxide. Nitrous oxide. Tel: , Fax: , E-mail: j. Oxford Academic. Google Scholar. Select Format Select format. Abstract Joseph Priestley, a chemist and Presbyterian minister, discovered nitrous oxide in Table 1 The physical properties of nitrous oxide.

Sweet-smelling and colourless Molecular weight 44 Boiling point — Incubations of nitrite and nitric-oxide molecules with bacteria produced nitrogen gas that contained a nitrogen atom from both nitrite and nitric-oxide molecules. For the reduction of nitrous-oxide to nitrogen, it may be necessary for a copper containing enzyme to be present. Otherwise, nitrous-oxide would accumulate. During the metabolic process free radicals were formed which could produce toxic agents such as peroxidized lipids.

The toxicity of the free radicals was suggested by studies of an aqueous solution of nitrous-oxide that was irradiated by x-rays. The irradiated solution was lethal to Escherichia-coli. Experiments were designed to detect the free radicals produced during nitrous-oxide metabolism.

Larson, and C. Denitrification by Corynebacterium nephridii. Heiss, B. Frunzke, and W. Formation of the N-N bond from nitric oxide by a membrane-bound cytochrome be complex of nitrate-respiring denitrifying Pseudomonas stutzeri. Higgins, C. Hiles, G. Salmond, D. Gill, J. Downie, I. Evans, I. Holland, L. Gray, S. Buckels, A. Bell, and M. A family of related ATP-binding subunits coupled to many distinct biological processes in bacteria.

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The nature of the cupric site in nitrous oxide reductase and of CuA in cytochrome c oxidase. Lee, H. Hancock, and J. Properties of a Pseudomonas stutzeri outer membrane channel-forming protein NosA required for production of copper-containing N2O reductase.

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Mancinelli, R. The purification and properties of a cd-cytochrome nitrite reductase from Paracoccus halodenitrificans. Matsubara, T. Studies on denitrification. Some properties of the N2O-anaerobically grown cell. Modulation by copper of the products of nitrite respiration in Pseudomonas perfectomarinus. Enzymatic steps of dissimilatory nitrite reduction in Alcaligenes faecalis. Nitric oxide-reducing activity of Alcaligenes faecalis cytochrome cd.

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Payne, W. Grant, J. Shapleigh, and P.